The 4 Types Of ACT Reading Passages You Should Know (2024)

The 4 Types Of ACT Reading Passages You Should Know (1)

One of the nice things about the ACT is that it doesn't change all that much from test to test. This is especially true for the Reading section: Reading is always the third section of the ACT, there will always be passages on four subject areas, and each subject area will have 10 questions.

So what are the 4 types of ACT Reading passages? Read on to find out!

feature image credit: Four by Jukka Zitting, used under CC BY 2.0/Cropped from original.

4 Passages To Rule Them All

The 4 types of passages on the ACT are always the same, and always presented in same order: 1. Prose Fiction/Literary Narrative, 2. Social Science, 3. Humanities, and 4. Natural Science.

ACT, Inc. has an exhaustive list of all the topics that might be covered in each of these areas, but it's kind of overwhelming. To make it a little easier to understand what exactly is covered in each subject area, I've summarized each passage type, along with the questions that you’re likely to see on them, below.

Prose Fiction/Literary Narrative

These passages usually consist of excerpts from fiction or literary memoirs. You're likely to be asked...

  • questions about the main theme
  • questions about the narrator's tone and intent (e.g. what did the narrator mean when she used this particular phrase or word?)
  • which questions are and are not answered by the passage

Social Science

These passages usually consist of straightforward discussions of topics in the social sciences, including areas like psychology (study of the mind), sociology (study of societies), and education. You're likely to be asked...

  • to paraphrase how information from the passage describes subject of the passage
  • which statements the author would agree with (that is, what's the main point of the passage)

If the passage is about a particular person (like Harriet Tubman), there will often be questions about the passage subject’s point of view, rather than author’s point of view (in contrast with Prose Fiction/Literary Narrative or Humanities passages, which often deal with the author or narrator's points of view).

Humanities

These passages from can be from personal essays or memoirs, as well as on humanities subject areas like the arts, literature, media, or philosophy.

Questions on Humanities passages are similar to Prose Fiction in that you're more likely to be asked about the tone or point of view of the passage or the narrator as compared to the Social Science or Natural Science passages.

Natural Science

These passages are nonfiction writing about SCIENCE. The topics can range from subjects that you've probably covered in school, like bio, chemistry, or physics, to more esoteric areas like astronomy, technology, or medicine (no paleontology yet, but I can always dream).

You do not need a science background to understand the passages; all you need are solid reading comprehension skills. (The same is true of the ACT Science section). Becoming familiar with science writing, however, might make you feel less intimidated by these passages when you have to deal with them on the ACT.

Similar to Social Science questions, Natural Science questions tend to be more focused on specific detail or statements that can be backed up with evidence from passage. A typical question you might see is "Which of the following statements is supported by the information in the fourth paragraph?"

How Do I Know Where My Problems Are?

So how do you know if you struggle with some passage types more than others? Follow these steps to find out your weaknesses.

Step 1: Take a timed practice ACT test, in order, and score it.

Because Reading appears third on the ACT, it's important to take it as part of an entire timed and in-order ACT. How your brain copes with the Reading section when you're just practicing reading passages and answering questions on them is very likely different than how it will do after it's been tired out by English and Math.

Step 2: Compare your Social Studies/Sciences and Arts/Literature subscores.

Your Social Studies/Sciences subscore is simply the combination of your scores on questions on Social Science and Natural Science passages, while your Arts/Literature subscore is the combination of your scores on questions on Prose Fiction/Literary Narrative/Humanities passages. Most official scoring charts will provide you with the information you'll need to calculate these subscores, which will be out of 20. You can even calculate them for yourself: your Arts/Litereature subscore = questions 1-10 + questions 21-30, while Social Studies/Sciences subscore = questions 11-20 + questions 31-40.

Is there a significant difference between your Social Studies/Sciences and Arts/Literature subscores? More than a 1-2 point difference between subscores indicates a difference worth checking into. For instance, if you got a 12/20 Social Studies/Sciences subscore and a 17/20 Arts/Literature subscore, you definitely would want to focus your studying on Social Science and Natural Science passages.

Step 3: For each of the four passage types, compare how many questions you answered incorrectly.

Since there are 10 questions in each section, it's pretty easy to do percentages - 1 question wrong is 90%, 4 questions wrong is 60%, and so on. Comparing your scores on each of the passage types can be really illuminating, because it can shed light on areas you may not have realized you had issues with.

Remember, it’s not just important that you’re comfortable with reading the passages: it’s important that you can successfully extract info from them to answer questions correctly.

Example from my life: Prose Fiction passages are the least straightforward to read for me, but I find the questions on these types of passages the easiest because there are fewer concrete things to ask about (especially when compared to Social Science or Natural Science passages). When I did a timed practice Reading ACT, I got 1 wrong on Social Science and 2 wrong on Natural Sciences passages; if I were taking the test for real, I would start my studying by first focusing on Natural Science passages and then Social Science passages.

Step 4: To be absolutely certain, take multiple timed ACT practice tests

Sometimes, even if you normally do well on a passage type, a particularly difficult passage can throw you and cause you to get more questions wrong than you normally would in that area. If you think that might have been the case on the timed ACT practice test you took, and you have the time, do not hesitate to take another timed practice test. The more accurate data you have, the better you can structure your studying.

Step 5: Once you know which passages you struggle with questions on, focus your reading preparation on those passages.

While there are some questions that tend to appear more on some passage types than others (more on this in upcoming articles), most of the different types of questions can and will be asked about each of the four passage types. By focusing on the particular passage type you have trouble with, you'll both increase your skill at extracting information from passages you find challenging as well as familiarizing yourself with the different ways the ACT will question you (a skill which then will carry across all passage types).

Be a detective and hunt down your weakest ACT Reading passage types.

What Do I Do Next?

Now that you know about the 4 types of passages, learn more about how to do well on ACT Reading.

Want more in depth information aboutwhat's actually tested onACT Reading? We have the article for you.

Find out the best way to approach ACT Reading passages with our complete guide.

Having problems with finishing the ACT Reading in time? Read our article for tips on how to avoid this dreadful fate.

Aiming for a top score? Read about how you can get a 36 on ACT Reading.

Want to improve your ACT score by 4 points?

Check out our best-in-class online ACT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your ACT score by 4 points or more.

Our program is entirely online, and it customizes your prep program to your strengths and weaknesses. We also have expert instructors who can grade every one of your practice ACT essays, giving feedback on how to improve your score.

Check out our 5-day free trial:

The 4 Types Of ACT Reading Passages You Should Know (3)

Have friends who also need help with test prep? Share this article!

The 4 Types Of ACT Reading Passages You Should Know (4)

Laura Staffaroni

About the Author

Laura graduated magna cum laude from Wellesley College with a BA in Music and Psychology, and earned a Master's degree in Composition from the Longy School of Music of Bard College. She scored 99 percentile scores on the SAT and GRE and loves advising students on how to excel in high school.

Get Free Guides to Boost Your SAT/ACT

The 4 Types Of ACT Reading Passages You Should Know (2024)

FAQs

The 4 Types Of ACT Reading Passages You Should Know? ›

For the sake of consistency, however, the passages in ACT reading will always fall into the same four broad categories. In other words, each of the following categories comprise 25% of the ACT reading section, presented in the following order: prose fiction, social science, humanities, and natural science.

What are the four types of reading passages on the ACT? ›

For the sake of consistency, however, the passages in ACT reading will always fall into the same four broad categories. In other words, each of the following categories comprise 25% of the ACT reading section, presented in the following order: prose fiction, social science, humanities, and natural science.

What are the 4 sections of the ACT test? ›

The A C T test consists of four multiple-choice sections— English, mathematics, reading, and science—with an optional writing section.

In what order should you read the 4 passages on the ACT reading test why is this the best strategy? ›

There are four different passage types that are always in the same order: Prose Fiction, Social Studies, Humanities, and Natural Sciences. You can do the passages in any order, so start with your strongest passage type and work from there.

Which reading passage on the ACT is the easiest? ›

I find that most people taking the ACT tend to have pronounced strengths and weaknesses on the reading passages — those who are more math/science-oriented tend to find the Science and Social Science passages easier and more enjoyable, whereas people who are more humanities-oriented tend to prefer Prose Fiction and ...

Is ACT harder than SAT? ›

The SAT is not harder than the ACT. Both tests vary slightly in terms of subjects covered and structure. These variations can affect each test taker differently, making one exam more challenging than the other. Taking full-length practice tests of each type can help you determine which may be best suited for you.

How many types of reading passages are there? ›

Answer: There are three main types of passage: narrative, descriptive, and argumentative. Each type has the unique features that set it apart from the others.

Which act test is the hardest? ›

Do You Feel Confident in the Content? Obviously, it's not a good idea to take the ACT® unless you have a good grasp on the content that will be tested. The ACT® Reading and ACT® Science sections are both the hardest and easiest to prepare for.

What happens if I don't finish the ACT? ›

If you take the ACT test without the writing section, you will have 2 hours and 55 minutes to complete it. What happens if you don't finish/skip a section on the ACT? Not finishing a section may affect your score for that section; however, skipping a section can prevent your test from being graded.

What is the max ACT score? ›

The highest possible score on the ACT is 36. The current average ACT score is 19.5.

How to crack ACT reading? ›

Now that you know what to expect, here are six ACT reading strategies that will help you approach any passage:
  1. Choose Your Own Adventure. ...
  2. Get Plenty of ACT Reading Practice. ...
  3. Read the Questions First. ...
  4. Keep Moving. ...
  5. Look for Transition Words. ...
  6. Don't Panic if You Don't Know the Word.

How to ace ACT reading? ›

Reading Test-Taking Tips:
  1. Read each passage carefully. Before you begin answering a question, read the entire passage carefully. ...
  2. Refer to the passages when answering the questions. Answers to some of the questions will be found by referring to what is plainly stated in the text of the passages.

Has anyone gotten every question right on the ACT? ›

Having a perfect ACT score is very rare: Nearly 1.35 million test-takers took the ACT in 2022, and of those, only 3,376 received a 36. Thousands more received perfect scores on individual sections (for example, nearly 25,000 test-takers scored perfectly on the ACT Reading, according to the most recent data).

How to pass the ACT easily? ›

Below are our biggest ACT tips and tricks, informed by test-prep experts, to help you raise your score and feel confident on test day.
  1. Practice With Quality Study Materials. ...
  2. Hone Your Time-Management Skills. ...
  3. Use the Same Answer Choice When Guessing. ...
  4. Prioritize Answering the Questions You Know. ...
  5. Memorize Common Math Formulas.

Is reading easier on SAT or ACT? ›

ACT Reading Passages are Longer

The ACT has four longer passages (700-900 words) and the SAT has five slightly shorter passages (500-750 words). In general, reading comprehension is a little more intense on the ACT than on the SAT, but the difference is mostly negligible.

What are the different types of passages on ACT science? ›

The test consists of several science passages, each of which focuses on one of the following subject areas: biology, chemistry, earth/space sciences, and physics. Each passage is presented in one of three different formats: Data Representation, Research Summaries, and Conflicting Viewpoints.

How many reading passages are there on the ACT? ›

The ACT reading test consists of four sections, three of which contain one long passage and one that contains two shorter passages.

What kind of reading is on the ACT? ›

The ACT Reading test consists of 40 questions that must be answered within the 35-minute time limit. The test consists of four sections, each containing one long or two shorter (paired) prose passages. The passages focus on topics in social studies, natural sciences, prose fiction, and the humanities.

What are the reading topics on the ACT? ›

ACT lists Reading test passages in four subject areas: prose fiction/literary narrative, humanities, social science, and natural science. Prose fiction/literary narrative passages are taken from classic literature or personal essays. Examples of humanities topics include film studies, music, theatre, and art.

Top Articles
Latest Posts
Article information

Author: Lilliana Bartoletti

Last Updated:

Views: 5451

Rating: 4.2 / 5 (73 voted)

Reviews: 80% of readers found this page helpful

Author information

Name: Lilliana Bartoletti

Birthday: 1999-11-18

Address: 58866 Tricia Spurs, North Melvinberg, HI 91346-3774

Phone: +50616620367928

Job: Real-Estate Liaison

Hobby: Graffiti, Astronomy, Handball, Magic, Origami, Fashion, Foreign language learning

Introduction: My name is Lilliana Bartoletti, I am a adventurous, pleasant, shiny, beautiful, handsome, zealous, tasty person who loves writing and wants to share my knowledge and understanding with you.